ANTS FROM THE STATE OF PARAÍBA: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE

Myrmecological research in Paraíba, northeastern Brazil, has advanced significantly in recent years, but important knowledge gaps persist, particularly in the Caatinga biome. This study aimed to compile and analyze all available ant species records for the state, identifying spatial patterns of species richness and areas with sampling deficits. We conducted an extensive review of published articles, technical reports, and scientific collections, including both published and unpublished data. In total, 833 records were recovered from 91 unique sampling points, distributed across 43 municipalities. These records comprise 9 subfamilies, 58 genera, and 185 species of ants. Despite these gaps, the existing data provide a valuable foundation for understanding ant diversity in Paraíba. We highlight an urgent need for systematic sampling in underrepresented regions, employing standardized methods such as pitfall traps, leaf litter sifting, subterranean sampling, and vegetation surveys. The integration of genetic sequencing and georeferencing tools can further enhance species identification and distribution mapping. Moreover, expanding collaboration networks and training new researchers are essential to advance the field. We conclude that addressing these knowledge gaps is essential for a better understanding of ant biodiversity in Paraíba and for assessing their ecological roles in the face of climate change and habitat loss.