CHEMICAL PROFILE AND IN VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF THE HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF MANGIFERA INDICA

Objective: This study aimed to characterize the chemical profile of the hydroalcoholic extract of Mangifera indica L. flowers and evaluate its in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. Methods: The hydroalcoholic extract was obtained by maceration with ethanol 70% (v/v) followed by concentration and lyophilization. The chemical characterization was performed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the protein denaturation of albumin by thermal degradation method, and the IC₅₀ value was determined. Results: HPLC-MS analysis identified ten phenolic compounds, with ellagic acid (30.1 mg/g), ethyl gallate (21.1 mg/g), and ethyl digallate (20.6 mg/g) as the major constituents. The extract exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity, with an IC₅₀ of 12.14 mg/L in the protein denaturation assay. The high coefficient of determination (R² = 0.9987) and low chi-square value (χ² = 0.9912) confirmed the robustness of the dose-response relationship. Conclusion: The hydroalcoholic extract of M. indica flowers presents a promising anti-inflammatory profile, attributed to the presence of ellagic acid and gallic acid derivatives, which modulate inflammatory pathways through inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB activation. These findings support the traditional use of the plant and position the extract as a potential candidate for developing natural anti-inflammatory therapies.